Stop obesity at the cellular level

I believe that many People are frustrated with their bodies. Because both control food Both exercise hard The figure is still not satisfactory. Some people get fat easily. If you eat a little, you'll gain weight. Some people look thin but have fat accumulated in various places. which is difficult to remove This causes you to have to resort to various methods, such as taking weight loss pills. Use the fasting method or even using surgery Which is very risky for side effects. How good would it be if one day scientists found a way to deal with this obesity problem by using the knowledge of genetics? Let's directly fix the root cause of this problem at the "gene".

First of all, we must raise a hot issue that is shaking up the scientific community all over the world. Most recently, at the end of November 2018, the results of an experiment in editing the genetic sequence of human embryos were revealed for the first time in the world. A Chinese scientist named Jiankui He edited the genes of twin female embryos to prevent them from contracting HIV from their mother and were born normal babies. in genetic modification Even though this is something to be happy about, there are many voices that criticize it heavily. The results of this experiment are still being considered and have not yet been published or certified. Still cannot be confident about long-term risks. Moreover, the issue of ethics has also been raised as an issue.

But if you try to look at it from another perspective. If this gene editing were to focus on curing a genetic illness or disease, there is currently no cure. And having an ethical way would be a good thing. From such news If we try to imagine for fun that genetic sequence editing is something that can be done in general It's no different from going to a beauty salon. or go to a beauty clinic I can't help but think, can we use genetic editing to help treat obesity? Because recently there has been research published on the discovery of genes that promote obesity.

Earlier this month, the results of the results of US scientists were published. In the said report, the discovery of the function of a new gene related to fat metabolism. This gene is called Regulator of Calcineurin 1, or RCAN1 for short, which is located on chromosome 21 of humans.

The RCAN1 gene serves two purposes. One is to make our muscles use less energy. The second is to inhibit the production of energy by fat cells. This gene inhibits the conversion of white fat into brown fat. This results in less brown fat. and there is a lot of white fat At this point, anyone who is still confused about white and brown fat, simply think that the more brown fat there is, The more energy is used. And the more sugar is used. Which makes us not fat. But if there is a lot of white fat, white fat is a source of energy storage. It will prevent our fat from being burned. It will make us fat.

Once the function of RCAN1 was known, scientists experimented with editing the mouse gene. By eliminating this gene from the body. The results showed that mice lacking the RCAN1 gene had significantly better energy metabolism. The fat stored in the body is used more. So it doesn't make you fat. Although mice lacking the RCAN1 gene were allowed to eat ad libitum, It was found that the weight of the rats increased very little compared to normal rats because food was metabolized into heat well.

If we can actually suppress the RCAN1 gene, we can eat anything from now on. without fear of being fat Simply remove the RCAN1 gene from the body. Or find a drug that turns off the function of the RCAN1 gene, which will have to wait for scientists to develop this method. In the future, there may be a pill that adjusts genes to reduce weight. But finally, exercise and choose to eat nutritious foods Do not let the energy consumed exceed the metabolic rate. It will help with accumulated fat in a sustainable and safe way. It also makes the body healthy and not sick.

Reference : Rotter, D., Peiris, H., Grinsfelder, D., Martin, A., Burchfield, J., & Parra, V. et al. (2018). Regulator of Calcineurin 1 helps coordinate whole‐body metabolism and thermogenesis. EMBO Reports (2018) e44706

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